BMP格式解析

#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <string.h>

struct bmp_header
{ 
    unsigned short type; //文件类型
    unsigned int total_size; //整个位图大小， 头部 + 图像数据 单位字节
    unsigned short reserved1;
    unsigned short reserved2;
    unsigned int valid_offset; //图像数据偏移量
} __attribute__((packed));

struct bmp_info  
{   
    unsigned int info_size; //该结构体大小， 固定40字节 
    unsigned int bmp_width; //图片宽度
    unsigned int bmp_height; //图片高度
    unsigned short planes;  //总是1
    unsigned short bitcount; //像素多少位表示  
    unsigned int compression;  // 0:BI_RGB 不压缩; ...... 
    unsigned int img_size; //图像有效数据大小， 单位字节
    int x_pix_meter; //水平分辨率， 像素/米 表示  
    int y_pix_meter;  //垂直分辨率， 像素/米 表示  
    unsigned int color_used; //位图实际使用彩色表中的颜色索引数，一般0
    unsigned int color_mportants; //color_used 上面使用的索引值重要数， 0表示都重要  
}__attribute__((packed));

int bmp_analyze(unsigned char *path)
{
    int fd = -1, i;
    struct bmp_header f_header;
    struct bmp_info  f_info;

    //打开bmp图片
    fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
    if (fd < 0) {
        printf("open %s error.\n", path);
        return -1;
    }
    
    //读取文件头信息
    read(fd, &f_header, sizeof(struct bmp_header));
    printf("type:0x%x(%c%c)\n", f_header.type, f_header.type&0xff, (f_header.type>>8)&0xff);
    printf("total_size:%d\n", f_header.total_size);
    printf("reserved1:%d\n", f_header.reserved1);
    printf("reserved2:%d\n", f_header.reserved2);
    printf("valid_offset:%d\n", f_header.valid_offset);

    read(fd, &f_info, sizeof(struct bmp_info));
    printf("info_size:%d\n", f_info.info_size);
    printf("bmp_width:%d\n", abs(f_info.bmp_width));
    printf("bmp_height:%d\n", abs(f_info.bmp_height));
    printf("planes:%d\n", f_info.planes);
    printf("bitcount:%d\n", f_info.bitcount);

    printf("compression:%d\n", f_info.compression);
    printf("img_size:%d\n", f_info.img_size);
    printf("x_pix_meter:%d\n", f_info.x_pix_meter);
    printf("y_pix_meter:%d\n", f_info.y_pix_meter);
    printf("color_used:%d\n", f_info.color_used);
    printf("color_mportants:%d\n", f_info.color_mportants);

    //关闭打开的文件
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    unsigned char *path = argv[1];

    if(path == NULL) {
        printf("invalid file path !!!\n");
        exit(-1);        
    } else {
        printf("read bmp file: %s\n", path);
    }
    
    bmp_analyze(path);

    return 0;
}