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Docker 10 分钟快速入门

1 在Centos 7中安装Docker

2 管理Docker Image

3 管理Docker Container

4 管理Docker Network

1在Centos 7中安装Docker

安装并运行hello-world：

# yum -y install yum-utils # yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo # yum makecache # yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io [--allowerasing] # systemctl start docker # systemctl enable docker # systemctl status docker # docker version # docker --help [root@localhost ~]# docker --help Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND A self-sufficient runtime for containers Options: --config string Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker") -c, --context string Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use") -D, --debug Enable debug mode -H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to -l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info") --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem") --tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem") --tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem") --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote -v, --version Print version information and quit Management Commands: app* Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3) builder Manage builds buildx* Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.1-docker) config Manage Docker configs container Manage containers context Manage contexts image Manage images manifest Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists network Manage networks node Manage Swarm nodes plugin Manage plugins scan* Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.8.0) secret Manage Docker secrets service Manage services stack Manage Docker stacks swarm Manage Swarm system Manage Docker trust Manage trust on Docker images volume Manage volumes Commands: attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container build Build an image from a Dockerfile commit Create a new image from a container's changes cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem create Create a new container diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem events Get real time events from the server exec Run a command in a running container export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive history Show the history of an image images List images import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image info Display system-wide information inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects kill Kill one or more running containers load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN login Log in to a Docker registry logout Log out from a Docker registry logs Fetch the logs of a container pause Pause all processes within one or more containers port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container ps List containers pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry push Push an image or a repository to a registry rename Rename a container restart Restart one or more containers rm Remove one or more containers rmi Remove one or more images run Run a command in a new container save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) search Search the Docker Hub for images start Start one or more stopped containers stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics stop Stop one or more running containers tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE top Display the running processes of a container unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers update Update configuration of one or more containers version Show the Docker version information wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command. To get more help with docker, check out our guides at https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/ # docker run --help # docker run hello-world # docker [image] images # docker [image] ps -a

2 管理Docker Image

详细命令学习请见：

# docker --help # docker image --help Usage: docker image COMMAND Manage images Commands: build Build an image from a Dockerfile history Show the history of an image import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image inspect Display detailed information on one or more images load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN ls List images prune Remove unused images pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry push Push an image or a repository to a registry rm Remove one or more images save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE Run 'docker image COMMAND --help' for more information on a command. 

2.1 查找镜像：

# docker search --help

2.2 下载镜像：

# docker pull --help

2.3 列出本地镜像：

# docker images --help

2.4 删除本地镜像：

删除本地镜像前，需要将依赖本镜像模板创建的容器都删除，方可成功删除本地镜像。

# docker rmi --help

2.5 查看Docker Objects（含镜像这种对应）的底层信息：

# docker inspect --help

2.6 构建本地镜像：

# docker build --help # docker commit --help

2.7 镜像标签管理：

# docker tag --help

3 管理Docker Container

详细命令学习请见：

# docker --help # docker container --help Usage: docker container COMMAND Manage containers Commands: attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container commit Create a new image from a container's changes cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem create Create a new container diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem exec Run a command in a running container export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive inspect Display detailed information on one or more containers kill Kill one or more running containers logs Fetch the logs of a container ls List containers pause Pause all processes within one or more containers port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container prune Remove all stopped containers rename Rename a container restart Restart one or more containers rm Remove one or more containers run Run a command in a new container start Start one or more stopped containers stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics stop Stop one or more running containers top Display the running processes of a container unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers update Update configuration of one or more containers wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes Run 'docker container COMMAND --help' for more information on a command. 

3.1 创建容器：

# docker create --help # docker run --help

3.2 查看容器：

# docker ps --help

3.3 启动容器：

# docker start --help

3.4 停止容器：

# docker stop --help # docker kill --help

3.5 删除容器：

# docker rm --help

4 管理Docker Network

4.1 Docker Network Type

1. –network=host
2. –network=container
3. –network=none
4. –network=bridge